12/Sep/2025
Hallux valgus surgery in the public health system of Brazil
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2025AO1053
Highlights ■ Public hospitals in Brazil performed 37,741 hallux valgus surgery procedures between January 2008 and October 2024. ■ The study population consisted of 79.7% females, with the most common age group being 40-69 years (67.7%). The mean length of stay was 1.7 days. ■ The mean cost per patient was US$ 141.53. ■ The overall mortality count was nine, corresponding to a death rate of 0.024%. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to describe patient profiles and analyze costs, hospital […]
Keywords: Cost of illness; Foot; Hallux valgus; Mortality; Orthopedic procedures; Osteotomy; Public health
11/Sep/2025
Mortality rate in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease in Brazil: comparison between sexes
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2025AO1611
Highlights ■ A total of 58.1% of the patients died during a mean follow-up period of approximately 5.2 years. ■ Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in these patients. ■ Men had a higher likelihood of death from all causes than women. ■ No difference was found between the sexes in relation to the different causes of death. ABSTRACT Objective: To compare mortality rates between sexes in a cohort of patients with intermittent claudication residing in a metropolitan […]
Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Hypertension; Intermittent claudication; Mortality; Peripheral artery disease; Respiratory diseases; Sex distribution
28/Aug/2025
Elderly patients in crisis: unveiling outcomes and management approaches in severe COVID-19 cases – a retrospective analysis from Brazil
einstein (São Paulo). 28/Aug/2025;23:eAO1428.
View Article28/Aug/2025
Elderly patients in crisis: unveiling outcomes and management approaches in severe COVID-19 cases – a retrospective analysis from Brazil
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2025AO1428
Highlights ■ The elderly had higher severity, more comorbidities, and longer intensive care unit and hospital stays than adults. ■ They required more assistance resources and had higher hospital mortality. ■ Independent mortality predictors: age ≥60, frailty, arrhythmia, transplant, acute kidney injury, vasopressors and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidities, therapeutic resources, and mortality rates of elderly patients with COVID-19 admitted to an intensive care unit. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients […]
Keywords: Acute kidney injury; Aged; COVID-19; Critical care outcomes; Hospital mortality; Intensive care units; Length of stay; Mortality
14/Mar/2025
Assessment of mortality due to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in public and private intensive care units in Brazil: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
einstein (São Paulo). 14/Mar/2025;23(spe1):eAO1060.
View Article14/Mar/2025
Assessment of mortality due to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in public and private intensive care units in Brazil: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2025AO1060
Highlights ■ Public intensive care unit COVID-19 patients presented with more comorbidities and higher severity at admission. ■ Public intensive care units required more invasive organ support (e.g., mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, and renal replacement therapy) but less non-invasive ventilation and high-flow nasal cannula than private intensive care units. ■ In-hospital mortality was higher in public intensive care units, with an increased risk of death even after adjusting for patient characteristics and illness severity at intensive care unit admission. ABSTRACT Objective: […]
Keywords: Coronavirus; Coronavirus infections; COVID-19; Critical care; Critical care outcomes; Intensive care units; Mortality; SARS-CoV-2
26/Nov/2024
Recruitment maneuvers in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and metanalysis
einstein (São Paulo). 26/Nov/2024;22:eRW0372.
View Article26/Nov/2024
Recruitment maneuvers in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and metanalysis
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024RW0372
ABSTRACT Objective: To systematically review the effects of recruitment maneuvers on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis using the PICO methodology with keywords (respiratory distress syndrome, recruitment maneuvers, lung recruitment, acute respiratory distress syndrome, alveolar recruitment, and adult acute respiratory distress syndrome). Studies involving patients >18 years, regardless of sex, with acute respiratory distress syndrome, mechanically ventilated for at least 24 h, published in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, with no year restrictions, were included. […]
Keywords: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Mortality; Oxygenation
07/Oct/2024
Comparing ensemble learning algorithms and severity of illness scoring systems in cardiac intensive care units: a retrospective study
einstein (São Paulo). 07/Oct/2024;22:eAO0467.
View Article07/Oct/2024
Comparing ensemble learning algorithms and severity of illness scoring systems in cardiac intensive care units: a retrospective study
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0467
Highlights Gradient Boosting Machine and Random Forest models were built for prediction of mortality at cardiac intensive care units. A total of 9,761 intensive care unit stays of patients admitted under a Cardiac Surgery and Cardiac Medical services were studied. The AUROC and AUPRC values were significantly superior to seven conventional systems compared. The machine learning models’ calibration curves were substantially closer to the ideal line. ABSTRACT Objective: Logistic Regression has been used traditionally for the development of most predictor […]
Keywords: Calibration; Cardiac surgery procedures; Ensemble learning; Intensive care units; Mortality; Risk Factors
25/Sep/2024
Acute kidney injury in coronavirus disease: a comparative study of the two waves in Brazil
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0687
ABSTRACT Highlights Renal involvement was frequent in patients with COVID-19 and related to worse outcomes. Diuretic use, mechanical ventilation, proteinuria, hematuria, age, and creatine phosphokinase and D-dimer levels were risk factors for acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury, mechanical ventilation, elevated SOFA Score, and elevated ATN-ISS were associated with mortality. The second wave was associated with greater severity; however, the mortality rates were similar between the two periods. This may reflect the effectiveness of vaccines and the constant learning that […]
Keywords: Acute kidney injury; Brazil; Coronavirus infections; COVID-19; Incidence; Mortality; Prognosis; Receptor cross-talk
22/Jul/2024
Mortality, hospitalizations, and persistence of symptoms in the outpatient setting of the first COVID-19 wave in Brazil: results of SARS-Brazil cohort study
einstein (São Paulo). 22/Jul/2024;22:eAO0652.
View Article22/Jul/2024
Mortality, hospitalizations, and persistence of symptoms in the outpatient setting of the first COVID-19 wave in Brazil: results of SARS-Brazil cohort study
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0652
Highlights Previous influenza vaccination was associated with a reduced need for hospitalization after COVID-19 diagnosis. In 60 days of outpatient setting, four deaths occurred (three in the hospitalized and one in the non-hospitalized group). The persistence of more than two symptoms in 60 days was observed in 31.9% of patients. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate deaths, hospitalizations, and persistence of symptoms in patients with COVID-19 after infection in an outpatient setting during the first COVID-19 wave in Brazil. Methods: This prospective […]
Keywords: Brazil; Coronavirus infections; COVID-19; Hospitalization; Intensive care unit; Length of stay; Long-term COVID-19 symptoms; Mortality; SARS-CoV-2
22/Jul/2024
Inflammation and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis
einstein (São Paulo). 22/Jul/2024;22:eAO0627.
View Article22/Jul/2024
Inflammation and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0627
Highlights Higher plasma levels of CCL2 and lower plasma levels of TNF-α are associated with a greater risk of transfer to hemodialysis or mortality. Lower levels of IL-17 in the dialysate are associated with a greater risk of transfer to hemodialysis or mortality. These findings suggest that inflammatory biomarkers can be valuable tools for predicting all-cause mortality and transfer to hemodialysis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate inflammatory biomarkers in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis […]
Keywords: Cytokines; Inflammation; Membranes; Mortality; Peritoneal dialysis; Peritoneum
01/Mar/2024
Long-term outcomes for epidemic viral pneumonia survivors after discharge from the intensive care unit: a systematic review
einstein (São Paulo). 01/Mar/2024;22(spe1):eRW0352.
View Article01/Mar/2024
Long-term outcomes for epidemic viral pneumonia survivors after discharge from the intensive care unit: a systematic review
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024RW0352
ABSTRACT Objective To review the long-term outcomes (functional status and psychological sequelae) of survivors of critical illnesses due to epidemic viral pneumonia before the COVID-19 pandemic and to establish a benchmark for comparison of the COVID-19 long-term outcomes. Methods This systematic review of clinical studies reported the long-term outcomes in adults admitted to intensive care units who were diagnosed with viral epidemic pneumonia. An electronic search was performed using databases: MEDLINE®, Web of Science™, LILACS/IBECS, and EMBASE. Additionally, complementary searches […]
Keywords: Coronavirus infections; Epidemics; Influenza A virus, H1N1 subtype; Intensive care units; Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus; Mortality; Pneumonia, viral; Quality of life; Respiratory distress syndrome; Return to work; Treatment outcomes