A 78-year-old non-smoking female patient presented to the medical office with a history of two self-limited episodes of hemoptysis occurring 8 weeks prior. She had previously undergone treatment for ductal adenocarcinoma in the right breast 17 years ago, involving mastectomy followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Physical examination revealed no abnormalities, and her SpO2 was 98% on room air. A CT scan exhibited circumferential thickening of the right main bronchus, encompassing the origin of the upper lobe bronchus and extending to […]

Virchow: the multitalented physician Virchow was a multifaceted German physician (). He excelled in anthropology, biology, pathology, and politics. Virchow pursued his medical education at Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Berlin. While at the Charité hospital, he studied the typhus outbreak in Upper Silesia (1848), establishing the basis for public health in Germany.() Virchow linked the Rickettsia prowazekii outbreak to poverty.(,) Virchow contended that eradicating social disparity was the sole means to avert future epidemics.() Virchow’s crusade against antisemitism was extraordinary, prompted by […]

To review or not to review? For the participants, factors that most affected their decision on accepting to review a paper was the subject of the paper followed by time I have available for reviewing a paper, prestige of the journal, feeling of scientific/social responsibility, relationship with the associate editor and, clear advantage for the career. Meanwhile, factors that count on their decisions the most for rejecting a review were time I have available for reviewing a paper, followed by […]

Highlights Lung ultrasound enables precise diagnosis and ongoing monitoring of the disease. Ultrasound is an effective tool for assessing pulmonary findings in COVID-19. Structured reports enhance communication and are easily reproducible. ABSTRACT Objective: We aimed to share our experience in implementing a structured system for COVID-19 lung findings, elucidating key aspects of the lung ultrasound score to facilitate its standardized clinical use beyond the pandemic scenario. Methods: Using a scoring system to classify the extent of lung involvement, we retrospectively […]

Highlights Disruptive medical staff behavior potentially affects patient care. Surgical specialties have the highest incidence of disruptive medical staff behavior. Proper diagnosis and management is key to the mitigating disruptive medical staff behavior. ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the 3-year long experience of addressing disruptive events by medical staff in a private hospital. Methods: The cross-sectional study that was conducted between 2020 and 2022, involved collection, analysis, and management of suspected cases of disruptive behavior by medical staff. Results: Relevant information […]

Highlights ■ LATAM RegistrAME is the first clinical registry study of spinal muscular atrophy linked to 5q-SMA in Latin America (LATAM), including all ages. ■ This study will provide the first clinical evidence of access to medication for 5q-SMA treatment in LATAM. ■ It will describe the functional assessment and ventilatory support of 5q-SMA patients with diverse sociodemographic aspects. ABSTRACT Spinal muscular atrophy is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disease characterized by  progressive motor neuron loss. The most common form of […]

Highlights Fifteen liver transplant patients presented with oral candidiasis. The two prevalent types of candidiasis were atrophic and pseudomembranous. Candida albicans and Candida glabrata were the most prevalent species. Most isolates were susceptible to antifungal agents. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to verify oral candidiasis, identify the causative species, and investigate the antifungal susceptibility of yeasts isolated from liver transplant patients. Methods: A descriptive analysis of 97 patients who underwent liver transplantation was conducted at a hospital. Two clinical examinations […]

Highlights Approximately one in five respondents adhered to measures of social distancing. Adherence to social distancing was more prevalent in women, older adults with low educational levels, and those affected by multiple chronic diseases. Less than 5% of the population left home normally, whereas the vast majority only went out to carry out essential activities. ABSTRACT Objective: We aimed to analyze the frequency of adherence to social distancing and individual protection measures of adult and older populations in two cities […]

Highlights A  single-center study evaluated the prevalence and risk factors for Burnout syndrome in intensive care unit teams. The study revealed a high prevalence of Burnout syndrome in at least one dimension. Factors such as profession and having two or more jobs were associated with severe burnout symptoms. The study highlighted the need for interventions and support to address burnout among intensive care unit teams. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of burnout among the intensive care unit team of […]

Highlights Developed models to forecast bed occupancy for up to 14 days and monitored errors for 365 days. Telemedicine calls from COVID-19 patients correlated withthe number of patients hospitalized in the next 8 days. ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and validate predictive models to estimate the number of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the intensive care units and general wards of a private not-for-profit hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Two main models were developed. The first model calculated hospital occupation as […]

Highlights Sitting time increased in 73.9% of women and 84.9% of men at the onset of the pandemic. Physical activity was practiced by 23.9% of women and 39.6% of men at the onset of the pandemic. The prevalence of both women and men reporting physical mobility difficulties increased at follow-up. Hospitalization rates for reasons unrelated to COVID-19 have increased in both women and men. ABSTRACT Objective: This study analyzed the impact of sex on self-reported health and lifestyle parameters in […]

Highlights Higher levels of HIF-1α in patients with peri-implantitis occurred possibly due to persistent hypoxia triggered by inflammation. Tissue hypoxia in peri-implantitis induced increase in HIF-1α consequently increased VEGF and angiogenesis, contributing to the persistence of inflammation. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to compare the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the periimplant crevicular fluid of patients with and without peri-implantitis. Methods: Forty patients, comprising 16 with and 24 without peri-implantitis were selected. Results: Patients with peri-implantitis exhibited […]

Highlights Klotho controls cellular pathways and is a key factor in senescence and longevity. FGF-23 regulates phosphorus and vitamin D metabolism in a Klotho-dependent manner. Bone formation in Klotho-deficient mice decreased similar to that in aged humans. Renal function and lumbar spine bone mineral density were related to Klotho and FGF-23, respectively. ABSTRACT Objective: To investigating the relationship between α-Klotho and FGF-23 with bone biochemical markers and bone density findings in extremely aged individuals. Methods: A total of 55 individuals […]

Highlights COVID-19 infection among healthcare personnel has impacted the workforce in hospitals. Knowledge of the risk factors for COVID-19 infection is important for disease prevention measures. Failure to train healthcare personnel is an important risk factor for acquiring COVID-19. ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the rate of COVID-19 infection among healthcare personnel at high and low risk of COVID-19 infection and identify the underlying risk factors. Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted between December 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. Associations […]

Highlights High internet use: 92% of pregnant women used the internet to access health information during prenatal care. Top search topics: fetal development, nutrition, and childbirth were the primary topics of interest. Doctor-patient discussions: 88.1% discussed online findings with doctors, emphasizing patient engagement. No impact on delivery route: despite extensive internet use, no statistical impact on delivery route choice was observed. ABSTRACT Objective: The search for medical information on the internet is a part of people’s daily lives. Exponential volumes […]

Highlights Differences ≥9 points in Fugl–Meyer Assessment scores: sham>active. Connectivity measures: active>sham. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed at assessing the alterations in upper limb motor impairment and connectivity between motor areas following the post-stroke delivery of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation sessions. Methods: Modifications in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores, connectivity between the primary motor cortex of the unaffected and affected hemispheres, and between the primary motor and premotor cortices of the unaffected hemisphere were compared prior to and following six […]

Highlights Only 20% of the medical residency programs have laparoscopic teaching. Preceptors of the residency programs have advanced experience. Most programs have no plan to set up a training center. Resideny programs are concentrated in the Southeast region and in capitals. ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize laparoscopy teaching in Medical Residency Programs in Gynecology and Obstetrics in Brazil, and to evaluate preceptors’ characteristics in laparoscopy programs and map laparoscopic training practice scenarios. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study evaluated questionnaire responses from […]

Highlights The size of colposcopic lesions appears to be directly related to lesion severity. The size of the lesion is directly related to the severity of the histopathological findings in patients ≥25 years old. The size of the lesion is directly related to the severity of the cytopathological findings in patients aged ≤24 years. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether severity changes with colposcopic lesion size, regardless of age. Methods: This retrospective comparative study reviewed the records of […]

Highlights Gradient Boosting Machine and Random Forest models were built for prediction of mortality at cardiac intensive care units. A total of 9,761 intensive care unit stays of patients admitted under a Cardiac Surgery and Cardiac Medical services were studied. The AUROC and AUPRC values were significantly superior to seven conventional systems compared. The machine learning models’ calibration curves were substantially closer to the ideal line. ABSTRACT Objective: Logistic Regression has been used traditionally for the development of most predictor […]

Highlights ■ Probability of infection with a high SARS-CoV-2 viral load depends on mask-wearing habits. ■ The higher probability of infection with high viral load occurs for individuals that don’t use mask regularly [47.3%–79.8%]. ■ For individuals who use masks regularly, the probability is 38.6%–52.1%. ABSTRACT Objective: Previous studies indicated that face masks reduce the probability of infection by SARSCoV- 2 but did not examine the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and mask usage. This study analyzed this relationship. Methods: […]