einstein (São Paulo). 22/Jul/2024;22:eAO0652.
Mortality, hospitalizations, and persistence of symptoms in the outpatient setting of the first COVID-19 wave in Brazil: results of SARS-Brazil cohort study
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0652
Highlights
Previous influenza vaccination was associated with a reduced need for hospitalization after COVID-19 diagnosis.
In 60 days of outpatient setting, four deaths occurred (three in the hospitalized and one in the non-hospitalized group).
The persistence of more than two symptoms in 60 days was observed in 31.9% of patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective:
To evaluate deaths, hospitalizations, and persistence of symptoms in patients with COVID-19 after infection in an outpatient setting during the first COVID-19 wave in Brazil.
Methods:
This prospective cohort was between April 2020 and February 2021. Hospitalized or nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients until five days after symptom onset were included. The outcomes measured were incidence of death, hospitalization, and persistence of more than two symptoms 60 days after discharge.
Results:
Out of 1,198 patients enrolled in the study, 66.7% were hospitalized. A total of 289 patients died (1 [0.3%] non-hospitalized and 288 [36%] hospitalized). At 60 days, patients non-hospitalized during admission had more persistent symptoms (16.2%) compared to hospitalized (37.1%). The COVID-19 severity variables associated with the persistence of two or more symptoms were increased age (OR= 1.03; p=0.015), respiratory rate at hospital admission (OR= 1.11; p=0.005), length of hospital stay of more than 60 days (OR= 12.24; p=0.026), and need for intensive care unit admission (OR= 2.04; p=0.038).
Conclusion:
COVID-19 survivors who were older, tachypneic at admission, had a hospital length of stay >60 days, and were admitted to the intensive care unit had more persistent symptoms than patients who did not require hospitalization in the early COVID-19 waves.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04479488.
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