Highlights ■ This single-center study evaluated the frequency and factors associated with invasive ventilation in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis on a pediatric ward. ■ The study revealed an invasive ventilation rate of 6%, associated with age, presence of atelectasis, and Wood-Downes-Ferres score at admission. ■ Many interventions with poor scientific evidence were used. ■ This study highlights the need to implement clinical protocols for the management of acute viral bronchiolitis, including all levels of care, as these infants are […]

Highlights ■ The return to work rate was 53.7%, with slower and lower reintegration among low-income recipients. ■ Individuals with higher socioeconomic status (Classes A and B) were over twice as likely to return to work compared with lower socioeconomic status. ■ Higher stigma scores were significantly associated with reduced quality of life in Functional Capacity, Mental Health, and Social Functioning domains (p<0.001). ■ Older age (≥51 years), racial disparities, and unemployment before transplantation were strong barriers to occupational reintegration. […]

Highlights ■ Optical coherence tomography enables in vivo characterization of inflammatory activity within coronary plaques. ■ Thin-cap fibroatheromas demonstrate greater macrophage accumulation than non-thin-cap fibroatheromas. ■ Neovascularization is more frequent and quantitatively greater in thin-cap fibroatheromas. ■ The combined burden of macrophages and neovessels provides predictive value for plaque vulnerability. ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study is to assess whether the intensity of local inflammation relates to the presence of thin-cap fibroatheromas. Methods: Retrospective, single-center study of patients […]

Highlights ■ Sex plays a crucial role in behavioral assessments of preclinical study designs. ■ Circadian rhythm influences episodic memory performance in rodent behavior. ■ Spatial memory exhibits fewer variations than locomotion and episodic memory. ■ Sex and the circadian cycle are critical factors in behavioral assessment. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of sex and time of day on behavioral parameters in healthy rats, focusing on locomotion, cognition, and memory (both spatial and episodic). Methods: Twenty-four […]

Highlights ■ Brazil had a higher upper limb vascular trauma incidence than the US, remaining stable over the years. ■ The region with the highest proportion of cases was the North, followed by the Southeast. ■ The most affected population was young men, with a lethality of 2.37%, comparable to that globally. ■ Most patients did not require intensive care (92.8%), and the average hospital stay was 4.39 days. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the epidemiology of upper limb vascular trauma […]

Highlights ■ All variables that affect the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation were analyzed. ■ In addition to performance, we analyzed participants’ confidence. ■ This study considered the cost of training using the traditional methodology versus feedback. ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze cardiopulmonary resuscitation skill acquisition and retention at 3 and 6-month intervals and determine the optimal training frequency and associated costs. Methods: Fifth and sixth-year medical students practiced cardiopulmonary resuscitation using a feedback-equipped simulator. Results: The study included 43 students. Training […]

Highlights ■Most students have a positive attitude towards medical artificial intelligence. ■ Artificial intelligence solutions would be frequently adopted if accurate, fast, and user-friendly. ■ Expectations include work facilitation and increased diagnosis and management speed. ■Most fear losing medical skills to artificial intelligence and desire governmental regulations. ABSTRACT Objective: To assess medical students’ attitudes, knowledge, opinions, and expectations regarding medical artificial intelligence solutions, according to their sex and year of study. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was a single-center study conducted […]

Highlights ■ Higher miR-23a levels in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency vs. normovulatory women. ■ Lower miR-146a levels in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency vs. normovulatory women. ■ Novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring of premature ovarian insufficiency. ■ Potential biomarkers to therapeutic targets for premature ovarian insufficiency. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to analyze the expression profiles of miR-23a and miR-146a in women with premature ovarian insufficiency and to evaluate their value as biomarkers of the disease for […]

Highlights ■ First study to investigate associations between cognitive performance and brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters in an older Brazilian population. ■ Uses advanced magnetic resonance imaging diffusion tensor imaging and automated analysis to quantify brain changes. ■ Validates findings through comparison with data from a large UK-based cohort. ■ Focuses on region-specific assessments, such as the superior longitudinal fasciculus and other key brain areas related to cognition. ■ Demonstrates significant correlation between 3MS and MMSE cognitive scores and diffusion […]

 Highlights ■ The average total QAS-Tele score was 4.71±0.54 out of 5. ■ Higher satisfaction was reported by older adults in the younger age range. ■ Higher satisfaction was reported by individuals currently working. ■ Higher satisfaction was reported by individuals with a higher number of comorbidities. ABSTRACT Objective: This retrospective observational study analyzed satisfaction with a telehealth service in older individuals living in a metropolitan city in Brazil. Methods: Sociodemographic, clinical, and telehealth service details (number of clinical appointments […]