Highlights ■ Rigid cystoscopy requires greater resources and generates higher overall costs. ■ Flexible cystoscopy substantially shortens the waiting time for diagnosis. ■ Cost advantages of flexible cystoscopy persist even under conservative assumptions. ABSTRACT Introduction: The Brazilian Public Health System predominantly performs cystoscopy in hospitals using rigid cystoscopes in operating room settings. This approach results in high operational costs and scheduling delays associated with hospital admission and preoperative protocols. Flexible cystoscopy can be performed in an outpatient setting and may […]