Highlights ■ Restrictive ligand density can be pathological. ■ Restrictive ligand density can be neutralized. ■ Restrictive ligand density neutralization may the used to heal or prevent disease. ABSTRACT Objective: This study examined the correlation between immunodominance of the major egg antigen Sm-p40234-246, a robust Th1/Th17 anti-egg CD4 T-cell response, and severe liver immunopathology in experimental murine schistosomiasis. It serves as a platform to analyze how varying degrees of immunodominance affect CD4+ T cell modulation and disease outcomes. Methods: We […]

Highlights Inhibition of endocannabinoid receptors and TNF-α led to an increase in HLA-DR, PD-L1, and PD-L2 levels in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. This study shows the interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune and endocannabinoid systems. ABSTRACT Objective To verify the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the immunomodulatory profile of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, in the presence or absence of TNF-α, and agonist and antagonists of CB1 and CB2. Methods Stem cells […]

ABSTRACT Despite advances in understanding of carcinogenesis and of treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, this neoplasm still has a lethality of at least 30%. The search for biomarkers that can predict the response to treatment in the early stages of the disease is still necessary. In recent years, a new form of cellular communication between tumor and non-neoplastic cells has been discovered: the exchange of information through extracellular vesicles. These are small vesicles released by membrane-coated cells that carry proteins, […]

ABSTRACT Mesenchymal stem cells represent an adult population of nonhematopoietic cells, which can differentiate into a variety of cell types such as osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and myocytes. They display immunomodulatory properties that have led to the consideration of their use for the inhibition of immune responses. In this context, mesenchymal stem cells efficiently inhibit maturation, cytokine production, and the T cell stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells. They also can impair proliferation, cytokine secretion, and cytotoxic potential of T lymphocytes. Moreover, […]