Highlights ■ First study to investigate associations between cognitive performance and brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters in an older Brazilian population. ■ Uses advanced magnetic resonance imaging diffusion tensor imaging and automated analysis to quantify brain changes. ■ Validates findings through comparison with data from a large UK-based cohort. ■ Focuses on region-specific assessments, such as the superior longitudinal fasciculus and other key brain areas related to cognition. ■ Demonstrates significant correlation between 3MS and MMSE cognitive scores and diffusion […]