Abstract Postoperative intestinal obstruction is most commonly associated with adhesions but may also arise from unusual causes such as surgical staples adhering to adjacent structures. Although the use of endoscopic staplers in laparoscopic appendectomy is effective and generally safe, it can occasionally result in complications, including intestinal obstruction. We report the case of a 41-year-old woman who underwent surgical treatment for pelvic endometriosis, including appendectomy, and subsequently developed intestinal obstruction caused by an internal hernia formed by the entrapment of […]

Abstract Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent and heterogeneous cancers worldwide; however, it remains a complex and enigmatic disease. Advances in targeted therapies combined with increasing knowledge about tumor subtypes and molecular profiling have placed precision medicine on the frontier of oncological treatments. The recent classification of certain HER2 tumors as HER2-low, along with emerging evidence from studies using antibody-drug conjugates to target specific tumor profiles, highlights the relevance of this case study. This report describes the treatment […]

ABSTRACT The 48,XXYY syndrome is a rare sex chromosome aneuploidy associated with diverse physical, developmental, and endocrine abnormalities. This case report highlights a 15-year-old male with 48,XXYY syndrome presenting with hypopituitarism and a Rathke’s cleft cyst, offering insights into the interplay between genetic syndromes and pituitary dysfunction. The patient exhibited hyperprolactinemia, central hypothyroidism, central hypoadrenalism, and elevated gonadotropin levels. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic lesion within the sella turcica, consistent with a Rathke’s cleft cyst. The patient also […]

ABSTRACT Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is an inflammatory lung disease caused by antigen inhalation after sensitization. Here, we report a rare case of the simultaneous diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and epithelioid mesothelioma, a subtype of malignant mesothelioma. A 71-year-old man presented with an occasional dry cough and exertional dyspnea that had persisted for about 1 year. He reported walking daily in a park with a considerable number of birds during same period. Functional evaluation revealed a mild restrictive ventilatory disorder. High-resolution computed […]

ABSTRACT Stress fractures of the sacrum are extremely rare differential diagnoses for persistent low back pain in pregnant and postpartum women. The common occurrence of low back pain due to mechanical overload on the spine, coupled with challenges in obtaining imaging studies during this phase of a woman’s life, often delays and compromises the accurate diagnosis of sacral fatigue fractures. We report the rare case of a postpartum patient who underwent surgery for lumbar disc herniation one year and one […]

ABSTRACT T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is a rare and aggressive mature T-cell malignancy that usually presents with marked lymphocytosis, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and B symptoms. However, a minority of patients present with an indolent, asymptomatic form. Case Report: A 44-year-old man was diagnosed with asymptomatic T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia after routine blood tests revealed persistent lymphocytosis. Immunophenotyping revealed a mature CD4–/CD8+ T-cell population. Cytogenetic analysis showed 14q11.2 abnormalities with TCRAD rearrangement by fluorescent in situ hybridization. A monoclonal T-cell population was confirmed by […]

ABSTRACT Snakebites from the genus Bothrops account for up to 90% of venomous snakebites in Brazil. Among these species, Bothrops taeniatus is considered rare in Brazil, with only one reported case in the literature. Its venom has a strong hemorrhagic effect but lacks procoagulant activity, which can lead to significant variations in the neutralizing efficacy of anti-Bothrops serum. We describe the first case of severe envenomation by B. taeniatus with rapid recovery following the administration of anti-Bothrops serum in Brazil, […]

ABSTRACT This report presents a case of a 59-year-old male diagnosed with metastatic esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma, who presented with mild dysphagia and vertigo. Brain magnetic resonance imaging initially showed no abnormalities. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a vegetative lesion in the distal esophagus, and concurrent colonoscopy identified a laterally-spreading tumor in the transverse colon. Immunohistochemistry confirmed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, suggesting an upper gastrointestinal origin. Further investigation of the worsening neurological symptoms led to the identification of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis via cerebrospinal […]

ABSTRACT Intestinal worm infections, referred to as helminthiases, represent a significant global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. These infections affect millions of people and contribute to malnutrition, anemia, and impaired cognitive development, particularly in children. Nitazoxanide, first described in 1975, was initially developed as a veterinary anthelmintic. It has shown efficacy against various pathogens including Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, and Cryptosporidium parvum. Recently, its use has expanded due to its observed in vitro activity against viruses, including […]

ABSTRACT Groove pancreatitis is a rare form of chronic pancreatitis that affects the anatomical area between the head of the pancreas, medial wall of the second part of the duodenum, and common bile duct, known as the groove area. We present the case of a 40-year-old female patient with recurrent acute abdominal pain, vomiting, inappetence, and weight loss over several months. Diagnostic imaging revealed obliteration of fat in the pancreaticoduodenal groove and densification of the adjacent adipose planes, along with […]