Highlights Positive airway pressure may improve the severity of asthma exacerbation. A high-flow nasal cannula can improve respiratory physiotherapy outcomes. Positive airway pressure is indicated for moderate asthma exacerbation. Bilevel positive airway pressure and high-flow nasal cannula use may improve the pulmonary function. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula treatment and that of bilevel positive airway pressure treatment as respiratory physiotherapy interventions for pediatric patients who are hospitalized because of asthma exacerbation. Methods: During […]

Highlights This study contributes data on the pharmacogenomics of acetylsalicylic acid. Brazilian data contribute to reducing the lack of diversity in genetic studies examining unrepresented groups. The genetic variants evaluated were not associated with gastrointestinal bleeding. ABSTRACT Objective: The use of acetylsalicylic acid, even in low doses, may be associated with the onset of upper gastrointestinal bleeding as an idiosyncratic response. Considering the role of the genetic background in inter-individual responses to pharmacotherapy, we aimed to investigate the role of […]

Highlights Multicancer early detection panels are novel assays that allow screening for dozens of cancers using a single blood sample. Data on the optimal workflow for ordering, interpreting, and managing subsequent evaluations of multi-cancer early detection results are lacking. Primary care providers expressed concerns about the cost and management of subsequent evaluations for a positive multicancer early detection test. ABSTRACT Objective Multicancer early detection panels have recently become available to patients with healthcare provider prescriptions and available funds. These tests […]

Highlights Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a severe presentation of COVID-19 without effective treatment despite intensive research. Inhaled nitric oxide is a vasodilator that has been studied in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome COVID-19 yielding contradictory results. The use of inhaled nitric oxide rescue therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19 experiencing moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome was significantly associated with an improvement in oxygenation parameters with no difference in mortality. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the responsiveness of COVID-19 […]

Highlights The model was considered simple, realistic, and capable of precisely simulating inguinal anatomy. Recreating the inguinal region in a more anatomical manner without increasing costs is possible. The model could be a good option, particularly beneficial for training surgeons at the beginning of their careers. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the functionality and quality of the anatomical representation of the hernia 3D training model. Methods: A model was created based on subtraction data derived from computed tomography scans of the […]

Highlights Higher plasma levels of CCL2 and lower plasma levels of TNF-α are associated with a greater risk of transfer to hemodialysis or mortality. Lower levels of IL-17 in the dialysate are associated with a greater risk of transfer to hemodialysis or mortality. These findings suggest that inflammatory biomarkers can be valuable tools for predicting all-cause mortality and transfer to hemodialysis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate inflammatory biomarkers in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis […]

Highlights Previous influenza vaccination was associated with a reduced need for hospitalization after COVID-19 diagnosis. In 60 days of outpatient setting, four deaths occurred (three in the hospitalized and one in the non-hospitalized group). The persistence of more than two symptoms in 60 days was observed in 31.9% of patients. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate deaths, hospitalizations, and persistence of symptoms in patients with COVID-19 after infection in an outpatient setting during the first COVID-19 wave in Brazil. Methods: This prospective […]

Highlights Simulation-based training is a valuable strategy for achieving positive changes in obstetric practice. The rate of vaginal births increased after the intervention. The findings underscore the potential advantages of incorporating simulation training into quality improvement initiatives. Higher training adoption rates correlated with substantial and sustained enhancements in vaginal birth rates. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the participation of professionals in simulation-based training and an increase in the rate of vaginal deliveries. Methods: This retrospective […]

Highlights Improvement in the performance of simulated pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation was observed after postsimulation debriefing and rapid cycle deliberate practice sessions. Postsimulation debriefing and rapid cycle deliberate practice are suitable for cardiopulmonary resuscitation training among pediatric residents. Retention of knowledge and skills deteriorated 5 weeks after training. ABSTRACT Objective: Simulation plays an important role in cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. Comparing postsimulation debriefing with rapid cycle deliberate practice could help determine the best simulation strategy for pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation training among pediatric […]

Highlights PRKAG2 syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant glycogen storage disease characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, ventricular pre-excitation, and conduction system disease. The rare variant p.K291I in PRKAG2 is associated with poor prognosis, highlighting the need for early intervention. Early diagnosis and intervention using antiarrhythmic drugs, anticoagulants, pacemaker implantation, radiofrequency catheter ablation, and cesarean surgery may improve symptoms and survival rates. The potential connections among intellectual disability, miscarriages, and neonatal deaths in individuals with this syndrome should be further investigated. ABSTRACT […]