Exploring the relationship between cognitive performance and magnetic resonance imaging diffusion parameters in elderly individuals

Despite medical advances and numerous efforts to mitigate cognitive decline, aging remains a universal process affecting all individuals.⁽⁾Cognitive decline complexity in the older population results from the interplay of various aging-related factors, including cellular senescence, epigenetic modifications, and metabolic dysfunction. Brain aging phenotypes, such as vascular dysfunction, inflammation, and lipid dysregulation, further interact with central nervous system processes, leading to morphological, cognitive, and neuropathological changes, ultimately contributing to neurodegenerative diseases.⁽⁾

Dementia, characterized by severe cognitive decline that interferes with daily activities, is most commonly associated with Alzheimer’s disease as the leading cause,⁽⁾ followed by cerebrovascular disease as the second most common cause.⁽⁾

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Palavras-chave: Diffusion tensor imaging; Cognition; Cognitive dysfunction; Dementia; Neuroimaging; Neuropsychological tests; Aged; Magnetic resonance imaging

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